A learning management system (Moodle) was used and learner characteristics/background and blended learning design features were measured in relation to learning effectiveness. International Journal of Digital Information and Wireless Communications (IJDIWC), 1(4), 746752. It was also noted that a common factor in failure and learner drop-out is the time conflict which is compounded by issues of family, employment status as well as management support (Packham, Jones, Miller, & Thomas, 2004). This is being currently undertaken through a . . Study results by Swan (2001) indicated that student-teacher interaction strongly related with student satisfaction and high learner-learner interaction resulted in higher levels of course satisfaction. Blended Learning is defined as having three components: Instruction delivered partially online, with some element of student control over time, place, path, and/or pace. Retrieved 18 Aug 2015. A study by Thompson (2004) shows that work, family, insufficient time and study load made learners withdraw from online courses. Create blended learning materials and validate content to ensure accuracy and appropriate context ; . Adopting a blended learning approach: Challenges, encountered and lessons learned in an action research study. Learner satisfaction on blended learning. The common form of communication medium frequently used by learners during the blended learning experience was by phone (34.5%) followed by whatsapp (21.8%), face book (21%), discussion board (11.8%) and email (10.9%). It is therefore a planning evaluation research design as noted by Guskey (2000) since the outcomes are aimed at blended learning implementation at MMU. ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. Article Lin and Vassar, (2009) indicated that learner success is dependent on ability to cope with technical difficulty as well as technical skills in computer operations and internet navigation. Postgrad Med J. Improving online learning: student perceptions of useful and challenging characteristics. This revealed a significant difference in performance (F(1,236=8.498, p<.001). A review of motivational and emotional strategies to reduce dropout in web-based distance education. Park and Choi, (2009) showed that organizational support significantly predicts learners stay and success in online courses because employers at times are willing to reduce learners workload during study as well as supervisors showing that they are interested in job-related learning for employees to advance and improve their skills. Using constructivist principles in designing and integrating online collaborative interactions. All it requires is the right technology, and training, to do the job right. Osgerby, J. A lack of prompt feedback for learners from course instructors was found to cause dissatisfaction in an online graduate course. A predictive study of student satisfaction in online education programs. Blended learning appears to have a consistent positive effect in comparison with no intervention, and to be more effective than or at least as effective as nonblended instruction for knowledge acquisition in health professions. Studies comparing blended learning with traditional face-to-face have indicated that learners perform equally well in blended learning and their performance is unaffected by the delivery method (Kwak, Menezes, & Sherwood, 2013). Blended Learning Techniques: Advantages (and Disadvantages) In short blended learning is more flexible, adaptable, and engaging for learners, while allowing instructors better cater to the unique needs of their learners. Rovai, A. P. (2003). Results show that learner self-regulation was good enough at 72.3% in all the sub-scales of goal setting, environment structuring, task strategies, time management, help-seeking and self-evaluation among learners. Two reviewers independently evaluated study quality and abstracted information including characteristics of learners and intervention (study design, exercises, interactivity, peer discussion, and outcome assessment). 60% of teachers notice blended learning improves academic ability. In view of the low efficiency of college students' autonomous independent learning, this research was aimed at building the OBE-oriented college students' blended English learning community in a smart environment. Lin, B., & Vassar, J. The influence of system characteristics on e-learning use. Computers & Education, 49(2), 396413. (2008). Tselios, N., Daskalakis, S., & Papadopoulou, M. (2011). We identified 56 eligible articles. Key Words: Blended learning, knowledge management, technology, strategic solution, Content management, e-learning, effectiveness Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. M icrolearning is a learning approach that involves delivering small, targeted chunks of information to learners in a concise and easily digestible format. Levels of family and social support for learners during blended learning experiences are at 60.5 and 75% respectively. Song, L., Singleton, E. S., Hill, J. R., & Koh, M. H. (2004). We aimed to assess the effectiveness of blended learning for health professional learners compared with no intervention and with nonblended learning. High learner intrinsic motivation leads to persistence in online courses as noted by Menager-Beeley, (2004) and is high enough in our study. A study by Marriot, Marriot, and Selwyn (2004) showed learners expressing their preference for face-to-face due to its facilitation of social interaction and communication skills acquired from classroom environment. International Journal of Web-based Communities, 5(3), 340350. Barnard, L., Lan, W. Y., To, Y. M., Paton, V. O., & Lai, S. (2009). Peers showed great care during the blended learning experience (81%) and their experiences were appreciated by the society (66%). Blended learning, an inevitable product of "Internet + Education" era, provides an effective approach for both teachers and students to reach the goal. This systematic analysis examines effectiveness research on online and blended learning from schools, particularly relevant during the Covid-19 pandemic, and also educational games, computer-supported cooperative learning (CSCL) and computer-assisted instruction (CAI), largely used in schools but with potential for outside school. This justifies our approach in dealing with the design features of blended learning in this study. Effective blended programmes are focused on the learning experience and outcomes before considering the technology. Askar and Altun, (2008) found that learners were satisfied with face-to-face sessions of the blend with t-tests and ANOVA results indicating female scores as higher than for males in the satisfaction with face-to-face environment of the blended learning. A. 2022 Dec 16;11(12):1829. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11121829. Evaluation is not easy, however. Student-teacher interaction showed a relation with satisfaction according to Swan (2001) but is not a predictor in our study. Research agrees that the success of e-learning and blended learning can largely depend on students as well as teachers gaining confidence and capability to participate in blended learning (Hadad, 2007). Effectiveness of Moodle-enabled blended learning in private Indian Business School teaching NICHE programs. Kenney, J., & Newcombe, E. (2011). Some of the advantages associated with BL included easy access to knowledge, improve pedagogy, cost-effectiveness, ease of revision of learning content, and personal presence. . Shrain, K. (2012). Learner and instructional factors influencing learner outcomes within a blended learning environment. Pallant, J. The usability of the online system, tools and resources was below average as shown in the table below in percentages (Table3): However, learners became skilled at navigating around the learning management system (79%) and it was easy for them to locate course content, tools and resources needed such as course works, news, discussions and journal materials. Blended learning provides the necessary communication, collaboration, and learning technology to quickly and efficiently keep employees up-to-date on new procedures and offerings without taking them out of the field. Due to the large heterogeneity, the conclusion should be treated with caution. Antibiotics (Basel). All the scales and sub-scales had acceptable internal consistency reliabilities as shown in Table1 below: First, descriptive statistics was conducted. B. Knowledge of online Learning technologies and their application in Blended Learning Environments. Learners however reported the value/usefulness of blended learning at 91% with majority believing that studying online and face-to-face had value for them (93.3%) and were therefore willing to take part in blended learning (91.2%). Stacey, E., & Gerbic, P. (2007). The goal is not to complement or replace conventional learning styles, but rather to incorporate necessary changes to make the educational path for learners more effective and personalized. This evaluates the extent of an e-learning system usage and the educational effectiveness. The same study indicated student satisfaction with instructors at a mean of 3.8. Building an effective blended learning classroom requires careful planning and preparation. A value flow model for the evaluation of an e-learning service. This innovative pedagogical approach has been embraced rapidly though it goes through a process. 3. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 31(4), 423439. Internet and Higher Education, 12(1), 16. Bediang G, Stoll B, Geissbuhler A, Klohn AM, Stuckelberger A, Nko'o S, Chastonay P. Computer literacy and E-learning perception in Cameroon: the case of Yaounde Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. BMC Med Educ. eCollection 2022. MeSH They show computer confidence at 75.3%; which gives prospects for an effective blended learning environment in regard to their computer competence and confidence. We investigate the blended learning design features of learner interactions, face-to-face support, learning management system tools and technology quality while the outcomes considered include satisfaction, performance, intrinsic motivation and knowledge construction. Cook DA. The work will encompass risk management framework . Careers. Other self-developed instruments were used for the other remaining variables of attitudes, computer competence, workload management, social and family support, satisfaction, knowledge construction, technology quality, interactions, learning management system tools and resources and face-to-face support. Epub 2022 Nov 26. Internet and Higher Education, 7(1), 5970. Loukis, E., Georgiou, S. & Pazalo, K. (2007). Garrison and Kanuka (2004) examined the transformative potential of blended learning and reported an increase in course completion rates, improved retention and increased student satisfaction. 2022 Dec;10(23):1270. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-5112. They showed that it is beneficial for them (94%) and that it was an important way of studying (84.3%). In agreement with Selim (2007), learner positive attitudes towards e-and blended learning environments are success factors. Educational Technology & Society, 12(4), 207217. 2020 Apr;104:103512. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103512. Kintu, M. J., & Zhu, C. (2016). Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. USA: PhD Dissertation, New York University. Peer support is required by learners who have no or little knowledge of technology, especially computers, to help them overcome fears. See this image and copyright information in PMC. 1): This research applies a quantitative design where descriptive statistics are used for the student characteristics and design features data, t-tests for the age and gender variables to determine if they are significant in blended learning effectiveness and regression for predictors of blended learning effectiveness. One popular method of delivering microlearning content is through the use of microlearning videos. As with physically presented learning, blended and online programmes have clear aims, objectives and assessment points. Results: Artikel Blended Learning; 3213 5888 1 SM - saya berkursus untuk menambah skil; Irvan,+ Jauhari - saya berkursus; The online self-regulated learning questionnaire (Barnard, Lan, To, Paton, & Lai, 2009) and the intrinsic motivation inventory (Deci & Ryan, 1982) were applied to measure the constructs on self regulation in the student characteristics and motivation in the learning outcome constructs. Int J Educ Technol High Educ 14, 7 (2017). From our perspective, this can be considered to be accomplishment in the knowledge construction process. As this study was a retrospective study, some factors that could have influenced the final outcomes were not assessed in this study. Epub 2019 Dec 26. Zhu, C. (2012). However, BL has evolved to encompass a much richer set of learning strategies such as live events, online content, collaboration, assessment and reference materials. Abstract Background: Blended learning, defined as the combination of traditional face-to-face learning and asynchronous or synchronous e-learning, has grown rapidly and is now widely used in education. Student-teacher interactions are known to bring satisfaction within online courses. Swaminathan N, Ravichandran L, Ramachandran S, Milanese S. J Educ Health Promot. It was found that male learners performed slightly better (M=62.5) than their female counterparts (M=61.1). Factors such as learners hours of employment and family responsibilities are known to impede learners process of learning, blended learning inclusive (Cohen, Stage, Hammack, & Marcus, 2012). Selim, H. M. (2007). Eom, Wen, and Ashill (2006) using a survey found out that interaction, among other factors, was significant for learner satisfaction. The effectiveness of internet-based e-learning on clinician behavior and patient outcomes: a systematic review protocol. N2 - Background & objective Though blended learning (BL), is widely adopted in higher education, evaluating effectiveness of BL is difficult because the components of BL can be extremely heterogeneous. Selim, (2007) noted that the learners attitude towards e-learning and blended learning are success factors for these learning environments. Computers in Human Behaviour, 30, 249261. Blended learning is an effective approach to the passive knowledge engagement of a massive number of students, which also increases learning outside the traditional face-to-face learning environment (Oakley, 2016 ). Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. These gaps are open for further investigation in order to understand if they can be significant predictors of blended learning effectiveness in a similar or different learning setting. In addition, dissatisfaction resulted from technical difficulties as well as ambiguous course instruction Hara and Kling (2001). Because it combines the two advantages of instructional models, blended learning has positive impact to the learning process. (2007). Identifying the various types of learner variables with regard to their relationship to blended learning effectiveness is important in this study as we embark on innovative pedagogy with technology in teaching and learning. The Electronic Journal of e-learning, 6(1), 1930. Dealing with the characteristics identified in this study will give another dimension, especially for blended learning in learning environment designs and add to specific debate on learning using technology. Learners are important partners in any learning process and therefore, their backgrounds and characteristics affect their ability to effectively carry on with learning and being in blended learning, the design tools to be used may impinge on the effectiveness in their learning. An official website of the United States government. (2003). Workload management by learners vis--vis studying is good at 60%. Motivation and learner characteristics affecting online learning and learning application. Blended learning: Uncovering its transformative potential in higher education. Student satisfaction, performance and knowledge construction in online collaborative learning. Journal of Management Information Systems, 19(4), 930. Effect of blended environment model on high school students academic achievement. Rahman, S. et al, (2011). Self regulation as a learner characteristic is a predictor of knowledge construction. The causes of learner dissatisfaction noted by Islam (2014) such as incompetence in the use of the LMS are contrary to our results in our study, while the one noted by Hara and Kling, (2001) as resulting from technical difficulties and ambiguous course instruction are no threat from our findings. From http://www.kineo.com/m/0/blended-learning-report-202013.pdf Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1982). Experience in delivering a blended learning environment including: eLearning, virtual training, and distance learning methods, classroom . Poptropica English Islands, a more intensive version of Poptropica English, allows pupils to enter a fun world of adventure where they develop solid English Language skills and are prepared for . Delone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (2003). Web-based learning: pros, cons and controversies. The study was applied to 110 students who attend to Atilim University, Ankara, Turkey and take Introduction to Computers Course. In this study we have investigated learning outcomes as dependent variables to establish if particular learner characteristics/backgrounds and design features are related to the outcomes for blended learning effectiveness and if they predict learning outcomes in blended learning. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. The design features (technology quality, interactions) and learner characteristics (self regulation and social support), were found to be significant predictors of learner knowledge construction. Some researchers stated that blended learning can enhance students' learning outcomes, improve students' motivation , and it is effective way for achieving learning objectives [4,5,14,15]. From the Postgraduate Directorate (n=17), first and second year students were selected because learners attend a face-to-face session before they are given paper modules to study away from campus. Kuo, Y., Walker, A. E., Belland, B. R., & Schroder, L. E. E. (2013). We however note that Coldwel, et al dealt with young, middle-aged and old above 45years whereas we dealt with young and middle aged only. The quality of learning management system content for learners can be a predictor of good performance in e-and blended learning environments and can lead to learner satisfaction.
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